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Historians' opinions: Associate Professor Mustafayev Abdulla, Doctor of Philosophy in History

With the assistance of M.Kh. Takinsky, the Iravan Muslim National Council urgently prepared information about the intolerable situation of Azerbaijanis living in the Iravan governorate in 1919 and sent it to Azerbaijan’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs. He informed some Azerbaijani states in Versailles and the United States in Paris about the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. According to the information obtained, the restrictions on the most basic human rights of the enterprises that make up half of Armenia without acquiring the disputed territories, armed bandits are fighting against Muslims, and information about European and American security measures is obtained. It was stated at the end of the information attached to the list of Muslim villages evacuated by Armenians: “If the current situation continues, it is clear that Armenian Muslims are doomed to extinction. As a result, all Armenian Muslims appeal to you, the great powers, for the sake of truth, justice, and humanity, and ask you to consider the situation of Armenian Muslims, stand up for their rights, and lend a helping hand.”
Source: Nakhchivan in Armenia’s policy of genocide and deportation. ADPU publishing house. Baku-2013. page-76/194

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Heroes who fought in the local resistance movement during the genocides of 1918: Hamid and Uglanaga Ashurov.

Photos of Hamid and Ughlanaga Ashurov, who were honored for their special heroism during the genocide committed by the Armenian Dashnaks in the Guba disaster in April-May 1918, are displayed in the museum’s “Defenders of the Guba Disaster” section. Hamid, who was born in the Dagestan village of Miskinja, moved to Gusar and married Ughlanaga. Hamid Dashnak led a group of 60 people who fought with Hamazasp’s army at the most difficult points, killing about 100 of his soldiers. During the next battle, Hamid goes into battle with his comrades after receiving the order to silence the enemy cannon. Hamid’s body, which was hit by an enemy bullet, is still in the Dashnaks’ control.
Despite the efforts of his comrades, the body cannot be removed from there.
When Ughlanaga heard about the incident, he came to Digah dressed in men’s clothes, a dagger on his waist, and a rifle on his shoulder, to prevent his husband’s body from being trampled by the enemy, and he took the body away from the battlefield. Later, Uglanaga, who has entered the battlefield, fights the Dashnaks. Hatem Agha learns about the defeat of Hamazasp’s army and applauds his heroism.
Note: Some of the information is taken from the book “Bloody Valley” by Muzaffar Malikmammadov.
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On the occasion of Sumgait State University's 60th anniversary, a meeting with the educational community and SSU graduates was held in Guba on July 5.

Participants at the event, which was attended by a group of employees from the “Genocide Memorial Complex” in Guba, were given extensive information about SSU’s 60-year exemplary activity, the university’s development path, its achievements, and the goals and objectives set for the next period.
At the event, Nemet Ibayev, associate professor of SSU and chairman of the Trade Union Committee; Amirkhan Isayev, head of the university’s career center, Ali Rzazade, head teacher of the department of Azerbaijani language and its teaching methodology; and Araz Mirzabayov, deputy dean of the Faculty of Economics and Management and chairman of the TGT of SSU, III, attended the event. Elmin Novruzlu, a course student, delivered speeches.
The speakers spoke about Sumgait State University’s advanced international experience, the successes of the national education system and its 60 years of rich traditions, as well as Sumgait State University’s historical services, namely the Great Leader Heydar Aliyev and the attention and care of his political successor, our respected President Mr. Ilham Aliyev, who helped the country and region. They discussed its transformation into a prestigious scientific and educational facility.
At the end of the event, various gifts were presented to meeting participants on behalf of Sumgayit State University’s management, as well as a video depicting the university’s development path.
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Aujourd'hui dans l'histoire : Le 27 juin 1918, la langue azerbaïdjanaise a été déclarée langue d'État. Aujourd'hui marque le 104e anniversaire de cet événement historique. L'un des principaux domaines d'attention à l'époque de la République démocratique d'Azerbaïdjan était la politique envers la langue maternelle.

Les mesures prises par la République démocratique d’Azerbaïdjan
dans le domaine de la langue maternelle en peu de temps ont laissé une marque significative dans l’histoire de notre peuple. Soulignant que l’éducation est un domaine important pour la mise en œuvre de la politique linguistique, le 28 août 1918, le gouvernement de la République démocratique d’Azerbaïdjan a décidé de dispenser un enseignement dans la langue maternelle dans les écoles primaires et secondaires. Dans la suite logique des réformes, le ministre de la Défense du Parti du Front populaire, Samed Bey Mehmandarov, ordonna le 27 décembre 1918 que la langue de l’armée soit l’azerbaïdjanais-turc. Le 11 février 1919, le gouvernement a décidé d’approuver la charte de la cavalerie de l’armée nationale azerbaïdjanaise en turc.
À la suite de réformes ciblées menées au siècle dernier, la langue azerbaïdjanaise, qui est désormais notre langue d’État, a enrichi son vocabulaire et pris une place particulière parmi les langues du monde.

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Azerbaijan declared martial law on June 23, 1918.

The government of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic has taken significant legislative steps to ensure the country’s territorial integrity in the face of a very difficult domestic and international situation, to achieve economic and social development, and to strengthen army building with the necessary laws. Throughout its tenure, the APC government paid special attention to the establishment of various military structures, the training of military personnel, and the general provision of the army, all of which are critical for the formation of a strong army.
At the same time, Turkish troops provided unparalleled assistance in establishing an Azerbaijani army with high combat capability, in accordance with the Ottoman-Azerbaijani Treaty of Friendship and Mutual Assistance of June 4, 1918. Because Muslims were not called up for military service during the Russian Empire, there was a severe shortage of officers among Azerbaijanis.
He emphasized the importance of army building by establishing a military ministry in the decision of the National Council on the composition of the first government dated May 28, 1918. As the first military minister, Khosrov bey Sultanov was appointed to the government.
Considering the danger and tense situation in the country, the government declared martial law throughout Azerbaijan on June 23, 1918.
By government decision on July 11, 1918, the Ganja City Military Conscription Department was renamed the All-Azerbaijan Military Conscription Department. On the same day, a mobilization to recruit Muslims born between 1894 and 1899 to serve in the army was announced.
The Azerbaijan Military Service Office was directed by the government to determine the location and time of conscription. Prime Minister F. Khoyski and Military Administration Commissioner I. The document signed by Ziyadkhanov called for punitive measures against those who avoided military service in accordance with martial law laws.
The Caucasus Islamic Army was founded on the 5th Ottoman Division and the Muslim National Corps led by General Aliaga Shikhlinsky at the time.
Nuru Pasha commanded the Caucasus Islamic Army, which had approximately 18,000 soldiers and officers, 6,000 from the Ottoman regular army and 12,000 from Azerbaijani military units.

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June 15 - National Salvation Day

June 15 – National Salvation Day is written in golden letters in our history, has great social, political and historical significance in the fate of the Azerbaijani people and is a real date of salvation for our people. The creator of this history is Heydar Aliyev, who played an exceptional role in the preservation, strengthening and development of Azerbaijan’s independence and always relied on his people.
In October 1991, Azerbaijan gained independence. However, the first years of independence were marked by a vacuum of political power and a gap in the foundations of the state, all institutions of the state, including the army and state security agencies. Armenia’s aggression aimed at annexation aggravated the situation in the republic.
During this difficult period, he was the First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Azerbaijan, then a member of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, First Deputy Chairman of the USSR Council of Ministers. Heydar Aliyev, who showed examples of self-sacrifice in the way of saving this land, returned to power. On June 15, 1993, Heydar Aliyev was elected chairman of the Supreme Soviet of the Republic of Azerbaijan. Thus, June 15 entered the history of Azerbaijan as the Day of National Salvation.