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From the pen of historians

Armenian armed groups entered the city on May 1 (1918) and killed 713 Muslims in the lower part of the city that day. Most of them were women and children. Houses on the ” Boyuk Shose” and “Bazar” streets were robbed. Hamazasp’s armed groups divided the city into four parts and created a separate headquarters in each part. The first headquarters was established next to the Leontev garden, the second headquarters was established on the territory of the Armenian church, the third headquarters was established on the hill near the Muslim cemetery, and the fourth central headquarters was established on the height of the Jewish settlement. Source: Vagif Abishov. Genocide against the Azerbaijani people in Guba district. Str. 15 

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The next "Master class" was held in the "Genocide Memorial Complex" in Guba.

The next master class was held at the Genocide Memorial Complex dedicated to “June 15 Liberation Day” for the purpose of educating employees. Elza Orujova, a teacher of the Guba branch of the Azerbaijan State Pedagogical University, an honored cultural worker, made a speech on “Heydar Aliyev and modern Azerbaijan” and said that the National Liberation Day is one of the most important days in the modern history of Azerbaijan. She noted that the modern history of Azerbaijan is directly related to the coming to power of National Leader Heydar Aliyev in June 1993. She said that,after the national leader Heydar Aliyev’s return to power under the insistence of the people, our country has escaped these troubles and embarked on the path of development, important political and economic reforms have been carried out in our republic, the oil strategy has been implemented, a ceasefire has been achieved on the front, the process of forming a regular army has begun, the fundamental foundations for the development of society have been laid.

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KHALIL BEY HASMAMEDOV

 
Khalil-bey Hasmamedov was born in 1873 in Ganja. H. Hasmamedov, who devoted his whole life, knowledge and skills to the struggle for the freedom of his people, represented Azerbaijan in the II and III State Dumas of Russia.
In April 1917, he participated in the All-Russian Congress of Muslims in Baku, and in May-in Moscow, at the first congress of the Musavat party, he was elected a member of the central committee. In 1917, he participated in the All-Russian Congress of Muslims in Baku in April, and in Moscow in May.
One of the founders of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic, Khalil-bek Hasmamedov, served as the first Minister of Justice of Azerbaijan and, taking into account national interests, for the first time developed the position of the Ministry of Justice in the context of secular values.
As a result of the April occupation of 1920, he was forced to emigrate to Turkey. Khasmamedov led his struggle in emigration mainly with a pen, in a word, speaking with articles of political content in newspapers and magazines “New Caucasus”, “Azerbaijan-Turk”, “Land of Fire”, “Information of Azerbaijan”, “Prometheus”, “Caucasus”, “Independence” and “Salvation”.
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Muhammad Hadi

Muhammad Hadi, born in Shamakhi in 1879, was one of the most influential representatives of the romanticism movement in 20th-century eastern Azerbaijan. Despite a turbulent life, he acquired a profound understanding of Turkish, Eastern, and European literature and philosophy, earning a prominent place in our literary history with his works.
The most militant period of the poet’s creativity, which transitioned from romantic enlightenment to revolutionary romanticism, coincided with the era of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic. During this time, Muhammad Hadi’s creative expression showcased the most contemporary national and human qualities. While the headquarters of the Caucasian Islamic Army was in Ganja, on June 13, 1918, Muhammad Hadi composed the poem “To the Heroic Turkish Soldiers” in their honor.
His articles during the Republic included notable poems such as “Song of the Turk,” “Towards Victory,” “To Our Soldiers-Volunteers,” “The State of Azerbaijan-Novzadina,” and “The Voice of Time and the Word of Life.” These works, along with other poems and articles demonstrating military patriotism, captured the essence of Muhammad Hadi’s contribution. Notably, he wrote “Readings of Two Simai-Politicians About the War” on the occasion of the “Strike-Revolution,” as well as the “Live with Hope” march.
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In order to increase the scientific potential of the employees of the Scientific Department in the "Genocide Memorial Complex" in the city of Guba, the project called "Master Classes" was launched.

Within the framework of the project, historians, researchers, public figures, intellectuals are expected to be regularly invited to the Complex.
Thus, on 25.05.2023, a “Master class” dedicated to May 28 Republic Day was held. Tahmina Aliyeva, head teacher of the department of history, pedagogy and social sciences of the Guba branch of the Azerbaijan State Pedagogical University, made a speech on “The struggle for unity of the Caucasian states and the disruptive activities of the Armenians in 1918-1920”. During the speech, he talked about the activities of Caucasian immigrants after the fall of the Caucasian republics, the idea of establishing the Caucasian Confederation on the initiative of Alimardan Bey Topchubashov on May 8, 1921, gathering at the representative office of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic in Paris, as well as the betrayal of the Armenian Dashnaks in this process, as always. . During the seminar, it was also noted that the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic, the first parliamentary republic in the history of the Azerbaijani people, left indelible traces in history despite its short life.

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In commemoration of Human Rights Month, a series of events are scheduled to take place at the "Genocide Memorial Complex" in the city of Guba. The Commissioner for Human Rights (Ombudsman) of the Republic of Azerbaijan, in a request dated 18.05.2023, proposed the declaration of May 18 - June 18 as "Human Rights Month" in the country.

Since its establishment on June 18, 1998, with the approval of the “State Program for the Protection of Human Rights,” this significant day has been widely celebrated in our country for over 25 years. It serves as a testament to the high value placed by our independent state on human rights. Throughout this month, various educational events on a range of relevant topics related to human rights will be organized in state and local government bodies, as well as in scientific, educational, medical, cultural institutions, and other organizations operating within the country. These activities are arranged based on the request of the Ombudsman. Moreover, the “Genocide Memorial Complex” in Guba will host a number of planned events to commemorate Human Rights Month.

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Mammad Khan Tekinski

Mammad Khan Tekinski is one of the individuals who held various positions during the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic and dedicated his service to his country and people. On July 15, 1918, Mammad Khan Tekinski, as a member of the Extraordinary Investigation Commission established by the government of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic, took part in the investigations into the atrocities committed by Armenian-Dashnak forces against the Muslim population. Subsequently, in January 1919, he was appointed as the diplomatic representative of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic government in Armenia. He consistently raised the issue of ending the “Armenian administration” in the Nakhchivan district before international missions in Armenia and actively engaged in matters concerning the government of the Republic.
After Mammad Khan Tekinski was recalled from his post, he was appointed as the Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs in October 1919 by the decision of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic government, and he held this position until the establishment of Soviet power in Azerbaijan.
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Əlimərdan bəy Topçubaşov

“What caused the events of March? Was it the desire of the Armenians to gain power alongside the Bolsheviks or a sense of revenge based on national grounds? In the future, historians will reveal the truth. The main result of the Baku events was the complete destruction of the Bolshevik regime, both in the city and in the Baku region. This development established and strengthened a force that can be considered a unique impetus for initiating the planned destruction of all human values, which form the foundation of human civilization.”

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Surakhani" ship-museum

The Surakhani ship-museum, the first tanker-museum in the world, is located in the Seaside National Park in Baku. The “Surakhani” tanker, where the ship-museum operates, played an important role in the history of sea oil transportation of our country. The “Surakhani” tanker with a length of 123.5 meters and a weight of 4696 tons was one of the tankers put into operation in the Caspian Sea since 1957. The decision to turn the Surakhani tanker into a museum was made in 2017. In order for the tanker to operate as a museum, major repair and reconstruction works were carried out. More than 2,000 local ship repairmen were involved in the repair work of the ship. The experience of countries with shipping traditions was also used. The opening of the ship-museum was carried out on March 1, 2021 in the presence of President Ilham Aliyev and First Vice-President Mehriban Aliyeva. The museum gives visitors the opportunity to get to know the history of shipping in our country and the brave work of our heroic sailors. The ship-museum plays the role of a bridge between the past and the future of Azerbaijan, which has ancient seafaring traditions. The most modern technological equipment and a number of innovative innovations were used in the halls of the ship-museum. Here, visitors get to know the history of the Caspian Sea, oil production in Absheron, the development of shipping, ships that are among the first in the world, navigation tools, sea knots with a history of nearly 5000 years, and the equipment used during the operation of ships. There is also a souvenir shop selling maritime related items and a restaurant serving seafood dishes.

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"Azerbaijan National Carpet Museum"

On March 13, 1967, the Council of Ministers of the Azerbaijan SSR established the Azerbaijan Carpet Museum in Baku on the initiative of the carpet artist, pedagogue, outstanding scientist Latif Karimov. The main goal of the creation of the museum is to preserve the national artistic heritage of Azerbaijani carpets and present them to the general public after studying them. On April 26, 1972, national leader Heydar Aliyev participated in the opening of the first exhibition of the Azerbaijan Carpet Museum, which was organized in the Juma Mosque, an architectural monument of the 19th century, located in the Old City. In the 1970s and 1980s, thanks to Heydar Aliyev’s continuous support, the museum had the opportunity to acquire art samples and thereby expand its collection. Among the most famous examples of the museum are Shirvan, Gazakh and Guba carpets. In 2007, the President of the Republic of Azerbaijan Mr. Ilham Aliyev signed an order on the construction of a new building for the Azerbaijan Carpet Museum in the Seaside National Park. In 2014, a new building meeting the most modern requirements of museum work was built based on the project of Austrian architect Franz Jantz. In 2010, Azerbaijani carpet art was included in UNESCO’s “Representative List of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity” with the support of the First Vice-President of Azerbaijan Mrs. Mehriban Aliyeva. By the decision of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Azerbaijan dated July 15, 2019, the Azerbaijan Carpet Museum was granted the status of “National museum” for its exceptional services in the field of protection and promotion of the carpet art of our country.

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On the occasion of the International Day of Museums on May 18, an event on the theme "The role of museums in the protection of cultural heritage" was held in the "Genocide Memorial Complex" in Guba.

Fuad Orujov, the representative of the Khachmaz Regional Culture Department for the Guba region, employees of the Guba House of Culture and the Guba Heydar Aliyev Center took part in the event. The Director of the Complex, Dr. Rakhshanda Bayramova first congratulated the employees working in the field of culture on the occasion of this day and noted that museums are of great importance in terms of preserving historical memory. The speakers who spoke later brought to the attention of the participants of the event that the role of museums in human life and special attention was paid to this area during the times of Heydar Aliyev’s rule.